Eating disorders anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating had been studied comprehensively in the past 30 years. The following are key features of eating disorders according to DSM and ICD-10. (Source: Eating Disorders by Mario Maj, Katherine Halmi,Juan Jose Lopez-Ibor and Norman Sartorius).
Key features of DSM-IV anorexia nervosa:
1. Refuses to maintain weight in a normal range
2. Morbid fear of becoming fat
3. Denies the situation of low weight
4. Experiences amenorrhoea or absence of menstruation
Subtypes
1. Restricts dieting and exercising
2. Binge eating or purging
Key features of ICD-10 anorexia nervosa
1. Weight loss
2. Induced weight loss, a person avoids fattening foods
3. Fear of fatness and perception of becoming too fat
4. Endocrine disorder which involves hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis or amenorrhea.
5. No overeating episodes and no sense of of compulsion to eat
Key features of DSM-IV bulimia nervosa
1. Experiences recurrent episodes of binge eating
2. Repeatedly uses self-induced vomiting or laxatives, diuretics, enemas, fasting and excessive exercise to prevent weight gain. (Occurs an average of twice a week for 3 months)
3. Body shape and weight unduly self-evaluation
4. Symptoms of anorexia nervosa is not present
Subtypes
1. Purging or self-induced vomiting
2. Non-purging or fasting only or exercising to avoid calorie intake
Key features of ICD-10 bulimia nervosa
1. Recurrent episodes of overeating (an average of 2 times a week for 3 months)
2. Persistent preoccupation with eating and sense of compulsion or craving to eat
3. Counteraction of calorie intake by binge eating, starvation or use of drugs
4. Feeling too fat, with fear of fatness that usually lead to becoming underweight
Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating are all clinically defined by the Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders or DSM-IV. The DSM-IV classifies binge eating disorder as somewhat similar to bulimia nervosa but without the compensatory purging or other behaviors. A person with BED tends to be obese and has low self esteem. Binge eating may begin after few years of unsuccessful dieting.
Classifying patients into groups and subgroups are helpful for doctors to determine which treatment is best. Diagnoses help but have their limitations. Trisha Gura, Ph. D. says that "strict criteria can convey a false sense of who is well and who is not. There may be patients who are still in therapy but no longer fits in the disorder category. She may be better but inside still feels something wrong.
Key features of DSM-IV anorexia nervosa:
1. Refuses to maintain weight in a normal range
2. Morbid fear of becoming fat
3. Denies the situation of low weight
4. Experiences amenorrhoea or absence of menstruation
Subtypes
1. Restricts dieting and exercising
2. Binge eating or purging
Key features of ICD-10 anorexia nervosa
1. Weight loss
2. Induced weight loss, a person avoids fattening foods
3. Fear of fatness and perception of becoming too fat
4. Endocrine disorder which involves hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis or amenorrhea.
5. No overeating episodes and no sense of of compulsion to eat
Key features of DSM-IV bulimia nervosa
1. Experiences recurrent episodes of binge eating
2. Repeatedly uses self-induced vomiting or laxatives, diuretics, enemas, fasting and excessive exercise to prevent weight gain. (Occurs an average of twice a week for 3 months)
3. Body shape and weight unduly self-evaluation
4. Symptoms of anorexia nervosa is not present
Subtypes
1. Purging or self-induced vomiting
2. Non-purging or fasting only or exercising to avoid calorie intake
Key features of ICD-10 bulimia nervosa
1. Recurrent episodes of overeating (an average of 2 times a week for 3 months)
2. Persistent preoccupation with eating and sense of compulsion or craving to eat
3. Counteraction of calorie intake by binge eating, starvation or use of drugs
4. Feeling too fat, with fear of fatness that usually lead to becoming underweight
Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating are all clinically defined by the Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders or DSM-IV. The DSM-IV classifies binge eating disorder as somewhat similar to bulimia nervosa but without the compensatory purging or other behaviors. A person with BED tends to be obese and has low self esteem. Binge eating may begin after few years of unsuccessful dieting.
Classifying patients into groups and subgroups are helpful for doctors to determine which treatment is best. Diagnoses help but have their limitations. Trisha Gura, Ph. D. says that "strict criteria can convey a false sense of who is well and who is not. There may be patients who are still in therapy but no longer fits in the disorder category. She may be better but inside still feels something wrong.
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